《要焚毁萨德吗》原标题为《特权论》，收录随笔两篇。第一篇为萨德侯爵辩护，萨德是18世纪法国色情文学作家，Sadism（性虐待狂）就是由他而来。波伏瓦从特权阶级对自己处境的认识讲起，以旧时的贵族阶级为例：贵族们捍卫自己的权利，却不去考虑这权利的合理性。萨德出身贵族，却勇于承担起自己的特立独行，违背贵族遵循的道德标准，用最极端的方式，要求将自身的愉悦作为绝对法则。虽然他最后失败了，可是他张扬的行为揭示了特权阶级身上的利己主义只可能是一厢情愿，无法在所有人眼中赋予自己合理性。
第二篇《梅洛-庞蒂与伪萨特学说》也是从特权阶级的角度出发，在法国五六十年代的环境下，有些知识分子站在最大利益的一方，试图混淆普遍利益和资产阶级利益，与萨特发生论战，波伏瓦为萨特辩护，写下了这一篇文章。
作者简介
西蒙娜•德•波伏瓦(SimonedeBeauvoir，1908-1986)法国二十世纪重要的文学家和思想家。
1908年生于巴黎，1929年获巴黎大学哲学学位，并通过法国哲学教师资格考试。1945年与让－保罗•萨特、莫里斯•梅洛－庞蒂共同创办《现代》杂志，致力于推介存在主义观点。1949年出版的《第二性》，在思想界引起极大反响，成为女性主义经典。1954年凭小说《名士风流》获龚古尔文学奖。
"Should we Burn Thaad?" was originally titled "On Privilege" and contains two essays. The first is a defense of the Marquis de Sade, the 18th-century French erotic writer from whom Sadism originated. Beauvoir begins with the perception of the privileged class of their situation, using the old aristocracy as an example: the aristocracy defended its rights without considering the legitimacy of these rights. Sade was born an aristocrat, but he had the courage to bear his own maverick, violate the moral standards followed by nobles, and use the most extreme way to require his own pleasure as an absolute law. Although he failed in the end, his flamboyant behavior revealed that the egoism of the privileged class could only be wishful thinking and could not legitimize itself in the eyes of all.
The second article, Merleau-Ponty and the Pseudo-Sartre Doctrine, is also from the perspective of the privileged class. In the environment of France in the 1950s and 1960s, some intellectuals stood on the side of the greatest interests, tried to confuse the general interests and the interests of the bourgeoisie, and polemics with Sartre. Beauvoir defended Sartre and wrote this article.
About the author
SimonedeBeauvoir (1908-1986) was an important French writer and thinker of the 20th century.
Born in Paris in 1908, he received a degree in philosophy from the University of Paris in 1929 and passed the French Philosophy teacher's qualification examination. In 1945, he co-founded Modern magazine with Jean-Paul Sartre and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, dedicated to promoting existential ideas. The Second Sex, published in 1949, caused great repercussions in the ideological circle and became a feminist classic. In 1954, he won the Prix Goncourt for his novel "The Famous Man".
热门标签
书单推荐