内容简介
北宋在中国历史上有两个突出特征，一是经济文化空前繁荣，号称盛世；二是军事积弱，立国一百六十多年即被金所灭。出现这样的历史现象，与北宋实行的“崇文抑武”国策有着密切的关联。
宋太祖鉴于唐末及五代武人专权之弊，开始重用文人，抑制武将。这一政策经太宗、真宗完善，到仁宗朝“崇文抑武”政策已达极端，文人代替武将开始掌兵。英宗、神宗、哲宗三朝虽欲扭转这一政策的弊端，但积重难返，终致徽宗、钦宗被金人所掳，北宋灭国。
北宋实行“崇文抑武”国策所产生的消极影响，不仅体现于宋朝在对外关系中始终处于弱势，更体现在内部政治运作中文武关系严重失调，导致杨业、陈尧咨、王德用、张亢、柳开、种世衡、狄青、王韶等人的悲剧命运，而这些有血有肉的案例又折射出北宋立国基础的脆弱，最终导致繁荣的北宋悲哀落幕。
作者简介
陈峰，西北大学历史学院教授，长江学者特聘教授。兼任中国史学会理事、中国宋史研究会副会长等职。长期从事宋史研究，出版著作《北宋武将群体与相关问题研究》《武士的悲哀：崇文抑武与北宋兴亡》《宋代军政研究》《宋代治国理念及其实践研究》《生逢宋代：北宋士林将坛说》《漕运与古代社会》等多种，发表论文80余篇。
Content introduction
The Northern Song Dynasty has two outstanding features in Chinese history. One is the unprecedented prosperity of economy and culture. The second is the military weakness, the founding of the country more than 160 years was destroyed by Jin. The emergence of such a historical phenomenon is closely related to the national policy of "worshipping literature and suppressing martial arts" carried out in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In view of the disadvantages of the dictatorship of the martial arts in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Taizu of Song Dynasty began to reuse literati and restrain military generals. This policy was perfected by Taizong and Zhenzong, and the policy of "worshiping Wen and suppressing Wu" in Renzong Dynasty had reached an extreme, and literati began to take the command of soldiers instead of Wu generals. Although Yingzong, Shenzong and Zhe Zong tried to reverse the disadvantages of this policy, they were unable to return, and finally Huizong and Qinzong were captured by the Jin people and the Northern Song Dynasty destroyed the state.
The negative impact of the Northern Song Dynasty's implementation of the state policy of "worshipping literature and suppressing military" was not only reflected in the weakness of the Song Dynasty in external relations, but also reflected in the serious imbalance of civil and military relations in internal political operation, which led to the tragic fate of Yang Ye, Chen Yaozi, Wang Deyong, Zhang Kang, Liu Kai, Zhong Shiheng, Di Qing, Wang Shao, etc. These flesh-and-blood cases also reflect the weak foundation of the Northern Song Dynasty, which eventually led to the sad end of the prosperous Northern Song Dynasty.
About the author
Chen Feng is a professor at the School of History of Northwest University and a distinguished Professor of Changjiang Scholars. He is also a member of the Chinese Historical Society and vice president of the Chinese Song History Research Society. He has been engaged in the study of Song history for a long time, and has published more than 80 papers, such as "Research on the Group of military Generals and Related Issues in the Northern Song Dynasty", "The Sorrow of Warriors: Chongwen Suppression of military Forces and the Rise and Fall of the Northern Song Dynasty", "Research on the Idea and Practice of Governing the Country in the Song Dynasty", "Born in the Song Dynasty: The Theory of Scholar-Lin-tan in the Northern Song Dynasty", and "Water Transport and Ancient Society".
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