【内容简介】

　　20世纪对于中国，是一个急速的世纪。几十年一百年时间，走完了西方数百年的历程，不到十年时间即推翻了几千年的帝制，正如孙中山所说，“百年锐于千载”。本书是作者关于20世纪前半叶中国思想与社会变迁的思考。全书分为三部分，第一部分通过若干个案，从思想和文本这一内在理路分析辛亥前后的时代变化与读书人的心态变迁，以及这一变迁是如何深刻影响和塑造了百年间的中国历史。第二部分写民族精神与人格、国格，涉及族群、身份认同、政治行动的思想资源等问题。第三部分是串联起关于20世纪中国革命长线思考的几篇访谈，关注的重点在中国革命的都市性。三部分各有侧重，但都围绕着一个相同的问题展开——百年前的国人，在惶恐什么，又在希冀什么？

　　这本小书是近十数年间，我关于20世纪前半叶中国思想与社会变迁的散碎思考。各篇架构与文字并不匀一，但围绕的问题却是相对集中的——百年前的国人，在惶恐什么又在希冀什么？读那个时代的文与论，可以明确感受到新派内部也在两方对垒：一方哀中国之沦胥以亡，之甘居奴隶、听人驱策、受人牢笼，“吾国灭亡风潮诚达于极点”；一方振奋“二十世纪之中国，将气凌欧美，雄长地球，固蹻足而待也”，“中国虽微弱已甚，将来或能冠冕五洲，亦未可知”。这种对垒，既为精神围困，同时意味着盛大的力量。哪怕是像林纾这样声称无权与时势相抗、绝然返身向后的典型遗民，也说，仍愿意发为悲号以警觉世士。悲号相较于沉寂，也是一种搏斗。

　　——沈洁

　　作者简介

　　沈洁，1978年生，江苏常州人。中国人民大学清史研究所博士，现为上海社会科学院历史研究所研究员。主要从事中国近现代知识、政治、族群研究。著有《1912：颠沛的共和》《民国的“失传”——清末民初中国革命再阐释》。

【 Content Introduction 】

The 20th century was a rapid century for China. In a few decades and a hundred years, it has completed the course of hundreds of years in the West, and overthrew the imperial system of thousands of years in less than ten years. As Sun Yat-sen said, "a hundred years is sharp in a thousand years." This book is the author's reflection on the ideological and social changes in China in the first half of the 20th century. The book is divided into three parts. The first part, through several cases, analyzes the changes of The Times before and after Xinhai and the changes of the mentality of scholars from the internal theory of thought and text, and how this change has profoundly affected and shaped the Chinese history in the past hundred years. The second part deals with national spirit, personality and national character, involving ethnic groups, identity, ideological resources for political action and so on. The third part is a series of interviews about the long-term thinking of the Chinese revolution in the 20th century, focusing on the urban nature of the Chinese revolution. The three parts have different focuses, but they all revolve around the same question - what were the people afraid of a hundred years ago, and what were they hoping for?

This little book is a collection of my thoughts on the ideological and social changes in China in the first half of the 20th century. The structure and text of each article are not uniform, but the questions around are relatively concentrated - what were the Chinese people afraid of and what were they hoping for a hundred years ago? Reading the literature and discourse of that era, we can clearly feel that the new school is also in two sides: one side is mourning the death of China, and the other is willing to live in slavery, listen to the drive of others, and be imprisoned by others, "the trend of our country's death has reached the extreme"; One side is excited that "China in the 20th century will dominate Europe and the United States, dominate the earth, and be strong enough to wait for it", "Although China is weak and very weak, it may be able to crown the five continents in the future, but it cannot. This confrontation is not only a spiritual siege, but also means grand power. Even a typical survivor like Lin Shu, who claims that he has no right to fight against The Times and turn back abruptly, says that he is still willing to cry out in grief to alert the world. Mourning, compared with silence, is also a struggle.

-- Shen Jie

About the author

Shen Jie was born in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province in 1978. He received his Ph.D. from the Institute of Qing History, Renmin University of China, and is now a researcher at the Institute of History, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. He is mainly engaged in the study of knowledge, politics and ethnic groups in modern China. He is the author of "1912: The Republic of Refutation" and "The" Loss of the Republic of China ": Re-interpretation of the Chinese Revolution in the late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China.