《黑太阳》【图书简介】

　　本书是法国著名学者朱莉娅·克里斯蒂娃从精神分析视角，对“抑郁”与“忧郁”所做的一系列探讨。书名“黑太阳”这个看似悖论、充满张力的意向，指代的是个体遭受抑郁折磨、被无法言说的痛苦吞噬的内心状态。在本书中，作者先进行“抑郁”与“忧郁”的理论阐述，再对四位创作者做详尽的个案分析。

　　经典精神分析认为，抑郁的根源在于主体丧失了某个他深爱的客体，且无法承受这样的丧失，因而无法完成对客体的哀悼。那么该如何化解哀伤、超越哀伤呢？作者认为，为痛苦命名、颂扬痛苦不失为一种方法。“崇高诞生于忧郁之中”，抑郁者可以通过文艺创作而克服主体性的精神危机，使主体重塑虚无，从而穿越忧郁、超越分离的痛苦。

　　作者先以德国画家荷尔拜因的画作、患有癫狂症的法国诗人奈瓦尔的诗作为例，尝试阐释文艺创作如何作为一种“暂时的救赎”帮助创作者战胜忧郁；随后对陀思妥耶夫斯基和杜拉斯的全部作品做了一个总括式的解读，指出长于描写痛苦的陀思妥耶夫斯基通过书写而直面创伤、告别抑郁，还分析了弥漫着死亡与痛苦的杜拉斯作品，如何以“笨拙的美学”和“非净化的文学”在精神困境中找到一条出路。

　　【作者简介】

　　朱莉娅•克里斯蒂娃（JuliaKristeva，1941—），保加利亚裔法国思想家，在符号学、语言学、哲学、文学理论、精神分析、女性主义等领域都有重大建树，现为巴黎西岱大学（原巴黎七大）荣休教授。与其师罗兰·巴特同为后结构主义的创始人，互文性理论与贱斥理论的奠基人，学术成就卓著，享誉全球学界。著有《符号学》《恐怖的权力》《黑太阳》《中国妇女》等。

　　【译者简介】

　　郭兰芳，巴黎西岱大学文学博士，曾任教于中山大学法语语言文学系和厦门大学法语语言文学系，致力于文学与精神分析的互动研究。

Black Sun 【 Book Introduction 】

This book is a series of discussions on "depression" and "depression" made by the famous French scholar Julia Kristeva from the perspective of psychoanalysis. The paradoxical tension of the title, Black Sun, refers to the inner state of the individual afflicted with depression and consumed by unspeakable pain. In this book, the author first elaborates the theory of "depression" and "depression", and then makes a detailed case analysis of four creators.

Classical psychoanalysis believes that the root cause of depression is that the subject has lost an object he loves deeply, and cannot bear such a loss, so he cannot complete the mourning of the object. So how to resolve the grief, beyond the grief? The author thinks that one way is to name and celebrate suffering. "The sublime is born in melancholy", depressed people can overcome the spiritual crisis of subjectivity through literary and artistic creation, and make the subject reshape the nothingness, so as to pass through the melancholy and transcend the pain of separation.

The author first takes the paintings of the German painter Holbein and the poems of the French poet Neval who suffered from madness as examples, trying to explain how literary and artistic creation can help the creator overcome depression as a "temporary salvation". Then it makes a comprehensive interpretation of all the works of Dostoyevsky and Duras, points out that Dostoyevsky, who is good at describing pain, faces trauma and bids farewell to depression through writing, and analyzes how Duras's works, which are filled with death and pain, find a way out of the spiritual predicament with "clumsy aesthetics" and "unpurified literature".

【 About the author 】

JuliaKristeva (1941 -) is a Bulgarian-French thinker who has made significant achievements in the fields of semiotics, linguistics, philosophy, literary theory, psychoanalysis, and feminism, and is now professor emeritus at the University of Paris Sidel (formerly Paris VII). With his teacher Roland Barth, he is the founder of post-structuralism, the founder of intertextuality theory and repudiation theory. He is the author of "Semiotics", "The Power of Terror", "Black Sun" and "Chinese Women".

What do you mean?

Guo Lanfang, Ph.D., University of Paris, has taught in the Department of French Language and Literature at Sun Yat-sen University and the Department of French Language and Literature at Xiamen University. She is committed to the interaction of literature and psychoanalysis.