《信息助推，或适得其反》内容简介

　　在这本书里，卡斯·桑斯坦教授将行为经济学洞察引入对公共信息披露的研究，揭示出信息的情绪维度，呼吁公共政策关注人们对信息的情绪反应，更全面地看待信息的福利影响，重新思考信息披露的利弊。

　　信息有用，可以帮助我们解决问题，因而具有工具价值；信息可以带来积极或消极的情绪，因而也具有享乐价值。后者对人们的福利非常重要，但一直以来都受到公共政策的忽视。在出台信息披露要求时，决策者应该细致考察政策在工具性和享乐性两个维度上的成本与收益。由于注意力有限等心理因素，信息披露对信息接受者行为的改变，并不如支持者所认为的那么有效。人们有时候还会为了过得更充实、更有意义而获取信息，哪怕信息并不能让他们快乐，所以人们才无法离开社交媒体。而机构和企业强制要求人们完成文书手续、提供繁复信息的做法，其实是一种“恶性助推”，会导致高昂的经济和心理代价，伤害社会中蕞弱势的群体。

　　作者简介

　　卡斯·R.桑斯坦|Cass R.Sunstein

　　哈佛大学法学院校级教授，该院“行为经济学与公共政策项目”创始人和主任；美国艺术与科学院院士、英国国家学术院院士。被广泛认为是美国行政法领域的顶尖学者，也是迄今为止美国乃至全世界被引用次数蕞多的法律学者。在政治学、决策科学、经济学等领域亦享有崇高学术声望。携手诺贝尔经济学奖得主理查德·塞勒，致力于推动行为经济学在政策设计与实际生活中的运用。著有《助推》《噪声》《信息乌托邦》等畅销书多部。2009—2012年任白宫信息和监管事务办公室主任；之后任职于奥巴马总统的情报与通信技术审查小组，以及五角大楼的国防创新委员会。2018年，他因“帮助我们重新理解现代监管国家与宪法之间的关系”，荣获挪威政府颁发的霍尔贝格奖（Holberg Prize），该奖项被称为人文社科领域的“诺贝尔奖”。

"Information Boost, or Backfire" content introduction

In this book, Professor Cass Sunstein introduces the insights of behavioral economics into the study of public information disclosure, reveals the emotional dimension of information, calls on public policy to pay attention to people's emotional response to information, view the welfare impact of information more comprehensively, and rethink the pros and cons of information disclosure.

Information is useful, helps us solve problems, and therefore has instrumental value; Information can bring about positive or negative emotions and therefore also has hedonic value. The latter is important for people's welfare, but has been neglected by public policy. When issuing information disclosure requirements, decision makers should carefully examine the costs and benefits of policies in the two dimensions of instrumentality and hedonism. Due to psychological factors such as limited attention, information disclosure is not as effective in changing the behavior of information recipients as supporters believe. People also sometimes seek information in order to lead a more fulfilling and meaningful life, even if it doesn't make them happy, which is why people can't leave social media. The practice of institutions and businesses forcing people to complete paperwork and provide complex information is actually a "vicious boost" that leads to high economic and psychological costs and hurts the most vulnerable groups in society.

About the author

Cass R.Sunstein |Cass R.Sunstein

Professor, Harvard Law School, founder and Director of the Program on Behavioral Economics and Public Policy; Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the British National Academy. He is widely regarded as the leading scholar in the field of administrative law in the United States and by far the most cited legal scholar in the United States and around the world. He also enjoys a high academic reputation in the fields of political science, decision science, and economics. Together with Nobel Laureate economist Richard Thaler, we are committed to advancing the application of behavioral economics to policy design and practical life. He is the author of several best-selling books such as "Nudge", "Noise" and "Infotopia". He was Director of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs from 2009 to 2012. He later served on President Obama's Review Panel on Intelligence and Communications Technologies and the Pentagon's Defense Innovation Board. In 2018, he was awarded the Holberg Prize by the Norwegian government for "helping us to re-understand the relationship between the modern regulatory state and the constitution," which has been described as the "Nobel Prize" in the humanities and social sciences.