《隐性社会规则》内容简介

　　社会学者小熊英二继《单一民族神话的起源》《“民主”与“爱国”》等著作之后，研究日本集体社会意识的又一力作

　　正式雇佣=终身雇佣，论资排辈=稳定升迁，应届毕业生批量招聘=不接受跳槽，定期人事调动=工作岗位和地点不固定……这些具有强烈日本特色的雇佣惯例，究竟是如何出现，又是如何影响日本社会的？

　　通过对日本雇佣传统、教育与社会保障体系变迁的考察，深度分析在无形中规约日本社会的“隐性社会规则”是如何形成的

　　日本2020年新书大奖获奖作品

　　人类群体日常行为的不断积累会形成某种“默认规则”。这种规则不存在于明文规定中，却会在形成后反过来时刻影响和规约群体。

　　在日本，“应届毕业生批量招聘”“长期雇佣”“年功序列工资制度”等具有强烈本土特色的雇佣惯例直接决定了人们的求职与生活需求，形成了支配和控制日本的“社会规则”。正式雇佣与非正式雇佣间因此出现了难以跨越的巨大鸿沟，这种“双重结构”的影响不仅覆盖了作为工作两端延伸的教育体系与社会保障制度，还扩展到政治和身份认同等方面。

　　生活在规则之下的人们，根据“生存方式”的差异，被划分为“大企业型”“地方型”“残余型”。本书将从这三种生存方式出发，通过回溯日本式雇佣惯例的源流与发展历程，借助与欧美各国劳动史的横向对比，尝试探明形塑日本的“隐性社会规则”的真面貌。

　　作者简介

　　小熊英二

　　1962年出生于东京。东京大学大学院综合文化研究科完成博士课程。现为庆应义塾大学综合政策学部教授。

　　主要著作有《单一民族神话的起源：“日本人”自画像的系谱》《“民主”与“爱国”：战后日本的民族主义与公共性》《活着回来的男人：一个普通日本兵的二战及战后生命史》《改变社会》《1968》等。

　　暴凤明

　　北京大学日语语言文学专业博士，现为北京外国语大学日语学院讲师。

Introduction to the content of Hidden Social Rules

The sociologist Eiji Kuma, following the Origin of the Myth of a single Nation and "Democracy" and "Patriotism" and other works, studies the collective social consciousness of Japan

Formal employment = lifetime employment, seniority = stable promotion, batch recruitment of fresh graduates = do not accept job-hopping, regular personnel transfer = jobs and locations are not fixed... How did these employment practices with strong Japanese characteristics come into being and how did they affect Japanese society?

Through the investigation of the changes in the employment tradition, education and social security system in Japan, the paper deeply analyzes how the "hidden social rules" that govern the Japanese society came into being

Japan 2020 New Book Award winner

The accumulation of human groups' daily behaviors creates a sort of "default rule." Such rules do not exist in the explicit provisions, but will in turn affect and regulate the group at all times after formation.

In Japan, employment practices with strong local characteristics, such as "batch recruitment of fresh graduates", "long-term employment" and "years of service salary system", directly determine people's job hunting and life needs, and form the "social rules" that dominate and control Japan. The result is an unbridgeable gap between formal and informal employment, and the impact of this "dual structure" extends not only to the education system and the social security system as an extension of work, but also to politics and identity.

People living under the rules are divided into "big business", "local" and "residual" according to their "way of living". Starting from these three ways of living, this book will try to find out the true face of the "hidden social rules" that shaped Japan by tracing the origin and development of Japanese employment practices and comparing them with the labor history of European and American countries.

About the author

Eiji Xiong

He was born in Tokyo in 1962. Graduated from the Graduate School of Integrated Cultural Studies, University of Tokyo. He is currently a professor at the Faculty of General Policy, Keio University.

His books include The Origin of the Myth of a Single Nation: The Genealogy of the Self-Portrait of the "Japanese", "Democracy" and "Patriotism" : Nationalism and Publicity in Postwar Japan, The Man Who Came Back Alive: The Life History of an Ordinary Japanese Soldier in World War II and Its Aftermath, Changing Society, and 1968.

Bao Fengming

Doctor of Japanese Language and Literature from Peking University, Lecturer of Japanese Language School of Beijing Foreign Studies University.